January 31, 2023

Wondering about scope? Here are some FAQs

Of all the questions you ask us about nursing practice, scope tops the list. Lately, scope of practice has been more popular than ever, since the Ontario government is reviewing proposed changes to expand the scope of practice for RPNs.

Let’s break down some of your most frequently asked questions about scope of practice.

Of all the questions you ask us about nursing practice, scope tops the list. Lately, scope of practice has been more popular than ever, since the Ontario government is reviewing proposed changes to expand the scope of practice for RPNs.

Let’s break down some of your most frequently asked questions about scope of practice.

What is “nursing scope of practice”?

Scope of practice refers to your authority as a nurse to perform certain procedures, actions and processes. This authority comes from law, namely the Nursing Act, 1991 and the Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991. These laws give nurses the legal authority needed to perform procedures and activities, including controlled acts.

Think of this legal authority as being overarching for all nurses. However, it’s important to note that your scope of practice is only one part of what determines your individual practice. Your individual practice is defined by legislation, plus employer policies and practice setting, as well as your individual competence.

So... how do I know if I can do something?

CNO does not maintain a list of activities or procedures nurses can perform, because determining if you can perform a procedure or activity is something only you can decide.

To make this decision, consider the following:

Legislation 

Depending on your practice setting, certain laws may further define your authority to perform certain procedures of activities. For example, the Public Hospitals Act governs nurses working in hospitals and the Fixing Long-Term Care Act, 2021 governs nurses working in long-term care facilities.       

If you are unsure which laws affect your practice, talk to your employer, consult with other members of your health care team or contact Practice Support.

Employer and practice setting 

Employers — not CNO — are responsible for determining the roles and responsibilities of their employees. This includes determining whether nurses can perform certain activities and procedures in the practice setting.

We encourage you to maintain an ongoing dialogue with your employer and the health care team about the nursing procedures and activities your practice setting supports, and the organizational policies that impact your practice. In cases when policies are needed or require revising, we encourage you to assist with developing them.

Individual competence 

Your education, training and knowledge, skill and judgment are an important part of what determines your nursing practice. Nursing is a self-reflective profession — just because you have the authority to do something, doesn’t mean you should, or that it’s in the best interest of your patient. You have a responsibility to your patients to consider whether you should perform an activity or procedure and to manage any adverse outcomes.

When thinking about your own nursing practice, scope is just the beginning.

To learn more about scope of practice, you can read Understanding Your Scope of Practice, check out our FAQs on Ask Practice or write to one of our Advanced Practice Consultants.

About CNO

The College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO) is the regulator of the nursing profession in Ontario. It is not a school or a nursing association. CNO acts in the public interest by:

  • assessing qualifications and registering individuals who want to practice nursing in Ontario.
  • setting the practice standards of the profession that nurses in Ontario are expected to meet.
  • promoting nurses' continuing competence through a quality assurance program.
  • holding nurses accountable to those standards by addressing complaints or reports about nursing care.

The College was founded in 1963. By establishing the College, the Ontario government was acknowledging that the nursing profession had the ability to govern itself and put the public's well-being ahead of professional interests.

For the latest information, please see our Nursing Statistics page.

Anyone who wants to use a nursing-related title — Registered Nurse (RN), Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) or Nurse Practitioner (NP) must become a member of CNO.

Frequently Asked Questions

Go to the public Register, Find a Nurse, to conduct a search for the nurse. Contact us if you can't find the person you are looking for.

All public information available about nurses is posted in the public Register, Find a Nurse, which contains profiles of every nurse in Ontario. Publicly available information about nurses include their registration history, business address, and information related to pending disciplinary hearings or past findings.

Unregistered practitioners are people who are seeking employment in nursing or holding themselves out as being able to practice nursing in Ontario, but who are not qualified to do so. They are not registered members of CNO. Only people registered with CNO can use nursing-related titles or perform certain procedures that could cause harm if carried out by a non-registered health professional. CNO takes the issue of unregistered practitioners seriously. See Unregistered Practitioners for more information.

To ensure procedural fairness for both the patient (or client) and the nurse, the Regulated Health Professions Act requires that information gathered during an investigation remain confidential until the matter is referred to the Discipline Committee or Fitness to Practise Committee. CNO will not disclose any information that could identify patients (or clients) or compromise an investigation. See Investigations: A Process Guide for more information.

Information obtained during an investigation will become public if the matter is referred to a disciplinary hearing. If a complaint is not referred to a hearing, no information will be available publicly.

See CNO's hearings schedule, which is updated as hearing dates are confirmed. Hearings at CNO are open to the public and the media. For details on how to attend a hearing, contact the Hearings Administration Team.

A summary of allegations and the disciplinary panel outcomes can be found on the public Register, Find a Nurse. Full decisions and reasons are also available.

Where a disciplinary panel makes a finding of professional misconduct, they have the authority to reprimand a nurse, and suspend or revoke a nurse's registration. Terms, conditions and limitations can also be imposed on a nurse's registration, which restricts their practice for a set period. Nurses can also be required to complete remedial activities, such as reviewing CNO documents and meeting with an expert, before returning to practice.

For detailed information see the Sexual Abuse Prevention section.

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